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US Code, Title 13 (2008 edition)
US Code, Title 13 (2008 edition) — CENSUS
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<title>U.S.C. Title 13 - CENSUS
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<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;">13 U.S.C. </span><br/>
<span style="font-size:10pt">United States Code, 2008 Edition</span><br/>
<span style="font-size:10pt">Title 13 - CENSUS</span><br/>
<span style="font-size:10pt">From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, <a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a></span><br/><br/>
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<h1 class="usc-title-head">TITLE 13—CENSUS</h1>
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<p class="usc-title-ital-spanner">This title was enacted by act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1012</p>
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<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Chap.</div><div class="analysis-head-right">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Administration</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">1</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Collection and Publication of Statistics</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">41</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">5.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Censuses</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">131</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">7.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Offenses and Penalties</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">211</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">9.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Collection and Publication of Foreign Trade Statistics <sup><a href="#_1_target" name="_1">1</a></sup></div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">301</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">10.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Exchange of census <sup><a href="#_2_target" name="_2">2</a></sup> information <sup><a href="#_2_target" name="_2">2</a></sup></div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">401</div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<table class="uscdispo2col" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title</cap-smallcap> 13</caption>
<tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Title 13 <p class="intabledata">Former Sections<p/></em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Title 13 <p class="intabledata">New Sections<p/></em></th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">1 </td>
<td class="right">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">2 </td>
<td class="right">21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">3, 4 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">5 </td>
<td class="right">22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">6 </td>
<td class="right">22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">7–9 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">21–41 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">41a </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">42–55 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">61–69 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">71 </td>
<td class="right">41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">72 </td>
<td class="right">42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">72a </td>
<td class="right">42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">73 </td>
<td class="right">9, 214</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">74 </td>
<td class="right">43, 224, 241</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">75 </td>
<td class="right">44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">76 </td>
<td class="right">45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">77 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">81 </td>
<td class="right">61</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">82 </td>
<td class="right">5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">83 </td>
<td class="right">9, 214</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">84 </td>
<td class="right">224, 241</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">85 </td>
<td class="right">62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">86 </td>
<td class="right">63</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">91–98 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">101 </td>
<td class="right">T. 42 §244a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">106 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">106 note </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">107 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">111 </td>
<td class="right">5, 24, 101, 102, 103, 225</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">112 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">113 </td>
<td class="right">101</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">114 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">121 </td>
<td class="right">131, 181</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">122 </td>
<td class="right">6, 9, 24, 25, 211, 212, 213, 214, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">123 </td>
<td class="right">5, 132</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">201 </td>
<td class="right">141</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">202 </td>
<td class="right">143</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">203 </td>
<td class="right">23, 24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">204 </td>
<td class="right">5, 144</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">205 </td>
<td class="right">25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">206 </td>
<td class="right">145</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">207 </td>
<td class="right">211</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">208 </td>
<td class="right">9, 212, 213</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">209 </td>
<td class="right">221, 222, 223</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">210 </td>
<td class="right">224</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">211 </td>
<td class="right">9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">212 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">213 </td>
<td class="right">7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">214 </td>
<td class="right">10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">215 </td>
<td class="right">6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">216 </td>
<td class="right">5, 23, 146</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">217 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">218 </td>
<td class="right">8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">219, 220 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">251 </td>
<td class="right">5, 161, 163</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">252 </td>
<td class="right">6, 9, 24, 162, 211, 212, 213, 214</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">253 </td>
<td class="right">Rep.</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1990—Pub. L. 101–533, §5(b)(1), Nov. 7, 1990, 104 Stat. 2348, added item for chapter 10.</p>
<p class="note-body">1962—Pub. L. 87–826, §1, Oct. 15, 1962, 76 Stat. 951, added item for chapter 9.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Positive Law; Citation</h4>
<p class="note-body">This title has been made positive law by section 1 of act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1012, which provided in part “That title 13 of the United States Code, entitled ‘Census’ is revised, codified and enacted into law and may be cited as ‘Title 13, United States Code, section—’.”</p>
<h4 class="note-head">References to Census Office</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 3 of act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1024, provided that: “Whenever reference is made in any other law or in any regulation or order to the Census Office, such reference shall be held and considered to mean the Bureau of the Census referred to in section 2 of Title 13, United States Code, as set out in section 1 of this Act. This section shall not be construed as affecting historical references to the Census Office which could have no present or future application to the Bureau of the Census.”</p>
<h4 class="note-head">Separability</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 4 of act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1024, provided that: “If any part of Title 13, United States Code, as set in section 1 of this Act, is held invalid, the remainder of such title shall not be affected thereby.”</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Legislative Construction</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 5 of act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1024, provided that: “No inference of a legislative construction is to be drawn by reason of the chapter in Title 13, United States Code, as set out in section 1 of this Act, in which any section is placed, nor by reason of the captions or catchlines used in such title.”</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Effective Date</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 6 of act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1024, provided that: “The provisions of this Act shall take effect on January 1, 1955.”</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Repeals</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 7 of act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1024, provided that: “The sections of the Acts, and the Acts or parts of Acts, enumerated in the following schedule, <!-- PDFPage:2 -->are hereby repealed. Any rights or liabilities now existing under such statutes or parts thereof, and any proceedings instituted under, or growing out of, any of such statutes or parts thereof, shall not be affected by this repeal.”</p>
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<h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 1—ADMINISTRATION</strong></h3>
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<h4 class="analysis-subhead">SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS</h4>
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Definitions.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">2.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Bureau of the Census.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Seal.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">4.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Functions of Secretary; regulations; delegation.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">5.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Questionnaires; number, form, and scope of inquiries.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">6.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Information from other Federal departments and agencies; acquisition of reports from other governmental and private sources.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">7.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Printing; requisitions upon Public Printer; publication of bulletins and reports.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">8.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Authenticated transcripts or copies of certain returns; other data; restriction on use; disposition of fees received.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">9.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Information as confidential; exception.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">10.<sup><a href="#CHAPTER1_1_target" name="CHAPTER1_1">1</a></sup></div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Mail matter.</div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">11.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Authorization of appropriations.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">12.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Mechanical and electronic development.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">13.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Procurement of professional services.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">[14.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right" id="wide">Repealed.]</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">15.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Leases for 1980 decennial census.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">16.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Address information reviewed by local governments.<sup><a href="#CHAPTER1_2_target" name="CHAPTER1_2">2</a></sup></div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<h4 class="analysis-subhead">SUBCHAPTER II—OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES</h4>
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">21.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Director of the Census; duties.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">22.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Qualifications of permanent personnel.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">23.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Additional officers and employees.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">24.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Special agents, supervisors, supervisors’ clerks, enumerators, and interpreters; compensation; details.<sup><a href="#CHAPTER1_3_target" name="CHAPTER1_3">3</a></sup></div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">25.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Duties of supervisors, enumerators, and other employees.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">26.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Transportation by contract.</div></div>
</div>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1994—Pub. L. 103–430, §2(d), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4394, added item 16.</p>
<p class="note-body">1979—Pub. L. 96–52, §1(b), Aug. 13, 1979, 93 Stat. 358, added item 15.</p>
<p class="note-body">1976—Pub. L. 94–521, §§3(b), 4(b), 5(b), 6(b), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2459–2461, inserted reference to “regulations” in item 4, substituted “Questionnaires” for “Schedules” in item 5, substituted “Information from other Federal departments and agencies; acquisition of reports from other governmental and private sources” for “Requests to other departments and offices for information, acquisition of reports from governmental and other sources” in item 6, and substituted “Authenticated transcripts or copies” for “Certified copies” in item 8, respectively.</p>
<p class="note-body">1966—Pub. L. 89–473, §2(b), June 29, 1966, 80 Stat. 221, struck out item 14 “Reimbursement between appropriations”. Pub. L. 89–473 was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, §5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 92 Stat. 1068.</p>
<p class="note-body">1962—Pub. L. 87–489, §1(b), June 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 104, added item 14.</p>
<p class="note-body">1957—Pub. L. 85–207, §1, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 481, inserted “, acquisition of reports from governmental and other sources” in item 6, and added items 12, 13 and 26.</p>
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<h3 class="subchapter-head">SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS</h3>
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<p class="footnote"><a href="#_1" name="_1_target"><sup>1</sup> So in original. Does not conform to chapter heading.</a></p>
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<p class="footnote"><a href="#_2" name="_2_target"><sup>2</sup> So in original. Probably should be capitalized.</a></p>
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<p class="footnote"><a href="#CHAPTER1_1" name="CHAPTER1_1_target"><sup>1</sup> Section repealed by Pub. L. 86–682 without corresponding amendment of chapter analysis.</a></p>
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<p class="footnote"><a href="#CHAPTER1_2" name="CHAPTER1_2_target"><sup>2</sup> So in original. Does not conform to section catchline.</a></p>
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<p class="footnote"><a href="#CHAPTER1_3" name="CHAPTER1_3_target"><sup>3</sup> Section catchline amended by Pub. L. 86–769 without corresponding amendment of chapter analysis.</a></p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§1. Definitions</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">As used in this title, unless the context requires another meaning or unless it is otherwise provided—</p>
<p class="statutory-body-1em">(1) “Bureau” means the Bureau of the Census;</p>
<p class="statutory-body-1em">(2) “Secretary” means the Secretary of Commerce; and</p>
<p class="statutory-body-1em">(3) “respondent” includes a corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, proprietorship, society, joint stock company, individual, or other organization or entity which reported information, or on behalf of which information was reported, in response to a questionnaire, inquiry, or other request of the Bureau.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1012; Pub. L. 94–521, §1, Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2459.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section is new, and was inserted to eliminate the necessity for referring, throughout this title, to the Bureau of the Census, and the Secretary of Commerce, by their full designations.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1976—Pub. L. 94–521 designated existing provisions as pars. (1) and (2), and added par. (3).</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1976 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521 provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [enacting sections 181 to 184 and 196 of this title, amending this section and sections 3 to 6, 8, 23, 141, 191, 195, 214, 221, 224, 225, and 241 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1976, or on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 17, 1976], whichever date is later”.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Short Title of 1999 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(7) [div. B, title XII, subtitle E, §1251], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–505, provided that: “This subtitle [amending section 301 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 301 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Proliferation Prevention Enhancement Act of 1999’.”</p>
<h4 class="note-head">Short Title of 1994 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Pub. L. 103–430, §1, Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4393, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 16 of this title, amending sections 9 and 214 of this title and section 412 of Title 39, Postal Service, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 16 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Census Address List Improvement Act of 1994’.”</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Separability</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 16 of Pub. L. 94–521 provided that: “If a provision enacted by this Act [see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521 set out above] is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act [Pub. L. 94–521] is held invalid in one or more of its applications, the provision remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid application or applications.”</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§2. Bureau of the Census</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The Bureau is continued as an agency within, and under the jurisdiction of, the Department of Commerce.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1012.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §1 (Mar. 6, 1902, ch. 139, §1, 32 Stat. 51; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, §4, 32 Stat. 826; <!-- PDFPage:3 -->Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §1, 37 Stat. 736; June 18, 1929, ch. 28, §21, 46 Stat. 26).</p>
<p class="note-body">Section 1 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., provided that the “Census Office” temporarily established in the Department of the Interior in accordance with the act of Mar. 3, 1899 (ch. 419, 30 Stat. 1014) “is made” a permanent office in the Department of Commerce. Such wording is no longer necessary, and the provisions, as revised in this section, merely continue the Bureau (of the Census) as an agency within, and under the jurisdiction of, the Department of Commerce.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§3. Seal</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The Bureau shall have a seal containing such device as has been selected heretofore, or as the Secretary may select hereafter. A description of such seal with an impression thereof shall be filed in the office of the Secretary of State. The seal shall remain in the custody of the Secretary or such officer or employee of the Bureau as he designates, and shall be affixed to all documents authenticated by the Bureau. Judicial notice shall be taken of the seal.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1012; Pub. L. 85–207, §2, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 481; Pub. L. 94–521, §2, Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2459.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Based on acts Mar. 3, 1899, ch. 419, §31, 30 Stat. 1021; Mar. 6, 1902, ch. 139, §6, 32 Stat. 52.</p>
<p class="note-body">Section is new to the United States Code, but is in accordance with current practice. Act Mar. 3, 1899, ch. 419, 30 Stat. 1014, which established the “Census Office” on a temporary basis, provided in section 31 thereof (30 Stat. 1021) for a seal for that office. The office was made permanent by act Mar. 6, 1902, ch. 139, 32 Stat. 51, and section 6 of that act (32 Stat. 52) continued in full force and effect “for the taking of the Thirteenth and subsequent censuses” all provisions of the act of Mar. 3, 1899, not inconsistent with the provisions of such 1902 act. Therefore, since the 1902 act contained no provisions with respect to a seal, section 31 of the 1899 act, providing for the seal, remained in force as it was not inconsistent. Section 33 of act July 2, 1909, ch. 2, 36 Stat. 10, which act (36 Stat. 1) related to the Thirteenth and subsequent decennial censuses, repealed the said act of Mar. 3, 1899, specifically, and all “other” laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of the 1909 act. These repealing provisions are somewhat ambiguous, but it was probably the intent of Congress, as it was the intent thereof at the time of enactment of the act of Mar. 6, 1902, referred to above, to continue in effect all provisions of the act of Mar. 3, 1899, that were not inconsistent with the act of July 2, 1909. The 1909 act contained no provisions with respect to the seal, and it accordingly follows that the provisions of section 31 of the act of Mar. 3, 1899, with respect thereto, continued in force. This is also the interpretation of the Bureau of the Census, which has continued to use a seal through the years in connection with “certificates and attestations”.</p>
<p class="note-body">In any event, this new section merely confirms past and present practice, and restores, if it does not preserve, statutory authority for possession and use of the seal which is a very necessary part of the operations of the Bureau. Further, the section should serve to forestall future differences of interpretation. In the past, some States have refused to recognize the seal of the Census Bureau on the ground that it was not authorized by law. In all probability, this position was taken, not as the result of a search of the Statutes at Large, which would have been a difficult project, but because provisions relating to the seal were not set out in the United States Code where they would have been readily accessible.</p>
<p class="note-body">The language of this section follows substantially the language of section 31 of the act of Mar. 3, 1899, referred to above, but has been reworded because of jurisdictional and other changes since that time. The “Census Office” was transferred from the Department of the Interior to the Department of Commerce and Labor by act Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, §4, 32 Stat. 826. Act Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §1, 37 Stat. 736, changed the name of the latter to the Department of Commerce, and created, as a separate department, the Department of Labor. It transferred a number of bureaus and agencies from the Department of Commerce to the Department of Labor, but these transfers did not affect the Bureau of the Census, which has remained under the jurisdiction of the Department of Commerce. 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, §§1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, transferred all functions of all officers, employees, bureaus, and agencies of the Department of Commerce to the Secretary of Commerce, and vested power in him to delegate them or any of his other functions to any of such officers, employees, bureaus, and agencies. Therefore, in this section, “Secretary”, and “Secretary or such officer or employee of the Bureau as he designates”, were substituted, respectively, for two references to the Director of the Census, to conform with such Plan.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1976—Pub. L. 94–521 substituted “affixed to all documents authenticated by the Bureau” for “affixed to all certificates and attestations that may be required from the Bureau”.</p>
<p class="note-body">1957—Pub. L. 85–207 provided for judicial recognition of the seal.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1976 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Amendment by Pub. L. 94–521 effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§4. Functions of Secretary; regulations; delegation</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The Secretary shall perform the functions and duties imposed upon him by this title, may issue such rules and regulations as he deems necessary to carry out such functions and duties, and may delegate the performance of such functions and duties and the authority to issue such rules and regulations to such officers and employees of the Department of Commerce as he may designate.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1013; Pub. L. 94–521, §3(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2459.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section is new, and was inserted to conform with 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, effective May 24, 1950, §§1, 2, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, which is set out as a note under section 591 of title 5, U. S. C., 1952 ed., Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees [now set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees]. That plan transferred all functions (with a few exceptions not applicable to the Census Bureau) of all agencies, officers and employees of the Department of Commerce to the Secretary of Commerce, and vested power in him to delegate the functions so transferred, or any of his other functions, to such agencies, officers or employees within the Department as he designates.</p>
<p class="note-body">See, also, section 253 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which provided for delegation of functions in connection with the quinquennial censuses of governments, and authorized the Secretary to promulgate rules and regulations with respect to such censuses. That section has been omitted from this revised title, as the provision thereof for delegation of functions is covered by this section, and the provision thereof which related to rules and regulations is covered by section 22 of title 1, U.S.C., 1952 ed., General Provisions.</p>
<!-- PDFPage:4 --><p class="note-body">Because of the transfer effected by 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, referred to above, sections of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which prescribed functions of the Bureau of the Census, the Census Office, or the Director of the Census, have, in this revised title, been changed to refer to the Secretary.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1976—Pub. L. 94–521 inserted “regulations;” in section catchline, authorized the Secretary to issue such rules and regulations as he deems necessary to carry out the functions and duties imposed upon him by this title, authorized delegation of authority to issue such rules and regulations to officers and employees of the Department of Commerce, and struck out a provision which allowed delegation of performance of such functions and duties to bureaus and agencies of the Department of Commerce.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1976 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Amendment by Pub. L. 94–521 effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§5. Questionnaires; number, form, and scope of inquiries</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The Secretary shall prepare questionnaires, and shall determine the inquiries, and the number, form, and subdivisions thereof, for the statistics, surveys, and censuses provided for in this title.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1013; Pub. L. 94–521, §4(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2459.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §§82, 111, 123, 204, 216, 251, and section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., The Public Health and Welfare (Mar. 6, 1902, ch. 139, §7, 32 Stat. 52; June 7, 1906, ch. 3048, 34 Stat. 218; Aug. 7, 1916, ch. 274, §2, 39 Stat. 437; June 18, 1929, ch. 28, §§3, 4, 16, 46 Stat. 21, 22, 25; 1939 Reorganization Plan No. II, §4(e), eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2731, 53 Stat. 1431; 1940 Reorganization Plan No. III, §3, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2107, 54 Stat. 1232; June 25, 1947, ch. 124, 61 Stat. 163; June 19, 1948, ch. 502, §3, 62 Stat. 479; July 15, 1949, ch. 338, title VI, §607, 63 Stat. 441; Sept. 7, 1950, ch. 910, §§1, 4, 64 Stat. 784, 785; July 16, 1952, ch. 912, 66 Stat. 736).</p>
<p class="note-body">Section consolidates section 82 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which related to statistics on cottonseed, oilseeds, nuts and kernels, fats, oils, and greases, with part of the second sentence of section 111 of such title, which section related to miscellaneous statistics; with the first sentence of section 123 of such title, which section related to censuses of manufacturers, mineral industries, and other businesses; with the second sentence of section 204 of such title, which section related to censuses of population, agriculture, irrigation, drainage, etc.; with the third sentence of section 216 of such title, which section related to censuses of agriculture; with that part of subsection (b) of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which made such sections 204 and 216 applicable to the censuses of housing; and with part of section 251(b) of such title relating to censuses of governments.</p>
<p class="note-body">Sections 82, 123 and 204 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., provided that the inquiries, etc., should be determined by the Director of the Census, with the approval of the Secretary of Commerce. Section 111 thereof provided that the Director of the Census should prepare the schedules, etc., and sections 216 and 251(b) thereof (the former amended in 1952, the latter enacted in 1950) provided that the inquiries, etc., should be determined by the Secretary of Commerce. This consolidated section vests such duties in the Secretary of Commerce, which is in conformity not only with such sections 216 and 251(b), but also with 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, §§1, 2, effective May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263. See Revision Note to section 4 of this title.</p>
<p class="note-body">Changes were made in phraseology.</p>
<p class="note-body">For remainder of sections 111, 123, 204, 216, and 251 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., and of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed. (which has been transferred in its entirety to this revised title), see Distribution Table.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1976—Pub. L. 94–521 substituted “Questionnaires” for “Schedules” in section catchline and in text.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1976 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Amendment by Pub. L. 94–521 effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Restriction on Collection of Census Data on Race</h4>
<p class="note-body">Pub. L. 110–161, div. B, title I, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1887, provided in part: “That none of the funds provided in this or any other Act for any fiscal year may be used for the collection of census data on race identification that does not include ‘some other race’ as a category.”</p>
<p class="note-body">Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:</p>
<p class="note-body">Pub. L. 109–108, title II, Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2308.</p>
<p class="note-body">Pub. L. 108–447, div. B, title II, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 2876.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§6. Information from other Federal departments and agencies; acquisition of reports from other governmental and private sources</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">(a) The Secretary, whenever he considers it advisable, may call upon any other department, agency, or establishment of the Federal Government, or of the government of the District of Columbia, for information pertinent to the work provided for in this title.</p>
<p class="statutory-body">(b) The Secretary may acquire, by purchase or otherwise, from States, counties, cities, or other units of government, or their instrumentalities, or from private persons and agencies, such copies of records, reports, and other material as may be required for the efficient and economical conduct of the censuses and surveys provided for in this title.</p>
<p class="statutory-body">(c) To the maximum extent possible and consistent with the kind, timeliness, quality and scope of the statistics required, the Secretary shall acquire and use information available from any source referred to in subsection (a) or (b) of this section instead of conducting direct inquiries.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1013; Pub. L. 85–207, §3, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 481; Pub. L. 94–521, §5(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2460.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §§122, 215, 252, and section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., The Public Health and Welfare (June 18, 1929, ch. 28, §15, 46 Stat. 25; June 19, 1948, ch. 502, §2, 62 Stat. 479; July 15, 1949, ch. 338, title VI, §607, 63 Stat. 441; Sept. 7, 1950, ch. 910, §1, 64 Stat. 784).</p>
<p class="note-body">Section consolidates section 215 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., with those parts of sections 122 and 252 of such title which respectively made such section 215 applicable to the quinquennial censuses of manufacturers and the mineral industries and other businesses, and governments, and with that part of subsection (b) of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which made such section 215 applicable to the decennial censuses of housing (see subchapters I, II, and III of chapter 5 of this title). As originally enacted in 1929, such section 215 had related only to the decennial censuses of population, agriculture, etc., the provisions for which are continued in subchapter II of chapter 5 of this title.</p>
<!-- PDFPage:5 --><p class="note-body">The provisions, as revised in this section, relate, not only to the censuses referred to above, but also, to all other investigations provided for in this title. This was probably the Congressional intent.</p>
<p class="note-body">Words in section 215 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., “on request of the Director of the Census”, were omitted since all functions under this title are vested primarily in the Secretary (of Commerce), in view of 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, §§1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263. See Revision Note to section 4 of this title.</p>
<p class="note-body">Changes were made in phraseology.</p>
<p class="note-body">For remainder of sections 122 and 252 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., and of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed. (which has been transferred in its entirety to this revised title), see Distribution Table.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1976—Pub. L. 94–521 substituted “Information from other Federal departments and agencies; acquisition of reports from other governmental and private sources” for “Requests to other departments and offices for information, acquisition of reports from governmental and other sources” in section catchline.</p>
<p class="note-body">Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–521 substituted “considers” for “deems”, and “agency, or establishment of the Federal Government, or of the government of the District of Columbia” for “or office of the Government”.</p>
<p class="note-body">Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–521 added subsec. (c).</p>
<p class="note-body">1957—Pub. L. 85–207 inserted “, acquisition of reports from governmental and other sources” in section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), and added subsec. (b).</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1976 Amendment</h4>
<p class="note-body">Amendment by Pub. L. 94–521 effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§7. Printing; requisitions upon Public Printer; publication of bulletins and reports</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The Secretary may make requisition upon the Public Printer for miscellaneous printing necessary to carry out the provisions of this title. He may further have printed by the Public Printer, in such editions as he deems necessary, preliminary and other census bulletins, and final reports of the results of the several investigations authorized by this title, and may publish and distribute such bulletins and reports.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1013.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Historical and Revision Notes</h4>
<p class="note-body">Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §213, and section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., The Public Health and Welfare (June 18, 1929, ch. 28, §13, 46 Stat. 25; July 15, 1949, ch. 338, title VI, §607, 63 Stat. 441).</p>
<p class="note-body">Section consolidates section 213 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., with that part of subsection (b) of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which made such section 213 applicable to the censuses of housing.</p>
<p class="note-body">The enumeration in section 213 of title 13, U.S.C. 1952 ed., of the types of printing (“Blanks, schedules, circulars, pamphlets, envelopes, work sheets”) was omitted as unnecessary and covered by the words “miscellaneous printing”.</p>
<p class="note-body">The provisions have been reworded to make it clear that they relate to all statistical and census operations under this title, and changes were made in phraseology.</p>
<p class="note-body">For remainder of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed. (which section has been transferred in its entirety to this revised title), see Distribution Table.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§8. Authenticated transcripts or copies of certain returns; other data; restriction on use; disposition of fees received</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">(a) The Secretary may, upon written request, furnish to any respondent, or to the heir, successor, or authorized agent of such respondent, authenticated transcripts or copies of reports (or portions thereof) containing information furnished by, or on behalf of, such respondent in connection with the surveys and census provided for in this title, upon payment of the actual or estimated cost of searching the records and furnishing such transcripts or copies.</p>
<p class="statutory-body">(b) Subject to the limitations contained in sections 6(c) and 9 of this title, the Secretary may furnish copies of tabulations and other statistical materials which do not disclose the information reported by, or on behalf of, any particular respondent, and may make special statistical compilations and surveys, for departments, agencies, …
